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not suitable for freezing

Толкование Перевод

1 for

for [fɔ:(r)]

pour ⇒ 1A (a)-(d), 1B (a), 1B (b), 1B (d), 1C (b)-(e), 1C (g), 1C (h) à l'intention de ⇒ 1A (c) dans la direction de ⇒ 1A (d) à ⇒ 1A (e) pendant ⇒ 1B (c) en raison de ⇒ 1C (e) de ⇒ 1C (f) car ⇒ 2

1 preposition

A.

(a) (expressing purpose or function) pour;

∎ we were in Vienna for a holiday/for work nous étions à Vienne en vacances/pour le travail;

∎ what for? pourquoi?;

∎ I don't know what she said that for je ne sais pas pourquoi elle a dit ça;

∎ what's this knob for? à quoi sert ce bouton?;

∎ it's for adjusting the volume ça sert à régler le volume;

∎ what's this medicine for? à quoi sert ce médicament?;

∎ can you give me something for the pain? est-ce que vous pouvez me donner quelque chose pour ou contre la douleur?;

∎ an instrument for measuring temperature un instrument pour mesurer la température;

∎ clothes for tall men vêtements mpl pour hommes grands;

∎ not suitable for freezing (on packaging) ne pas congeler

(b) (in order to obtain) pour;

∎ write for a free catalogue demandez votre catalogue gratuit;

∎ for further information write to… pour de plus amples renseignements, écrivez à…;

∎ they play for money ils jouent pour de l'argent

(c) (indicating recipient or beneficiary) pour, à l'intention de;

∎ these flowers are for her ces fleurs sont pour elle;

∎ there's a phone call for you il y a un appel pour vous;

∎ I've got some news for you j'ai une nouvelle à vous annoncer;

∎ he left a note for them il leur a laissé un mot, il a laissé un mot à leur intention;

∎ opera is not for me l'opéra, ça n'est pas pour moi;

∎ you are the man for me/the job vous êtes l'homme qu'il me faut/qui convient pour ce poste;

∎ that is just the thing for you c'est juste ce qu'il vous faut;

∎ equal pay for women un salaire égal pour les femmes;

∎ parking for customers only (sign) parking réservé à la clientèle;

∎ what can I do for you? que puis-je faire pour vous?;

∎ he's doing everything he can for us il fait tout son possible pour nous;

∎ a collection for the poor une quête pour les ou en faveur des pauvres;

∎ it's for your own good c'est pour ton bien;

∎ he often cooks for himself il se fait souvent la cuisine;

∎ see for yourself! voyez par vous-même!;

∎ she writes for a sports magazine elle écrit des articles pour un magazine de sport;

∎ I work for an advertising agency je travaille pour une agence de publicité

(d) (indicating direction, destination) pour, dans la direction de;

∎ they left for Spain ils sont partis pour l'Espagne;

∎ before leaving for the office avant de partir au bureau;

∎ she ran for the door elle s'est précipitée vers la porte en courant;

∎ he made for home il a pris la direction de la maison;

∎ the ship made for port le navire a mis le cap sur le port;

∎ the train for London le train pour ou à destination de ou en direction de Londres;

∎ trains for the suburbs les trains pour la banlieue;

∎ change trains here for Beaune changez de train ici pour Beaune;

∎ flight 402 bound for Chicago is now boarding les passagers du vol 402 à destination de Chicago sont invités à se présenter à l'embarquement

(e) (available for) à;

∎ for rent (sign) à louer;

∎ for sale (sign) à vendre;

∎ these books are for reference only ces livres sont à consulter sur place

B.

(a) (indicating span of time → past, future) pour, pendant; (→ action uncompleted) depuis;

∎ they're going away for the weekend ils partent pour le week-end;

∎ they will be gone for some time ils seront absents (pendant ou pour) quelque temps;

∎ they were in Spain for two weeks ils étaient en Espagne pour deux semaines;

∎ she won't be back for a month elle ne sera pas de retour avant un mois;

∎ I lived there for one month j'y ai vécu pendant un mois;

∎ I've lived here for two years j'habite ici depuis deux ans;

∎ I'd only lived there for a week when the heating went wrong je n'habitais là que depuis une semaine quand la chaudière est tombée en panne;

∎ my mother has been here for two weeks ma mère est ici depuis deux semaines;

∎ you haven't been here for a long time il y a ou voilà ou ça fait longtemps que vous n'êtes pas venu;

∎ we've known them for years nous les connaissons depuis des années, il y a des années que nous les connaissons;

∎ I have not seen him for three years il y a trois ans que je ne l'ai vu;

∎ she won't be able to go out for another day or two elle devra rester sans sortir pendant encore un jour ou deux;

∎ can you stay for a while? pouvez-vous rester un moment?;

∎ it's the worst accident for years c'est le pire accident qui soit arrivé depuis des années;

∎ we have food for three days nous avons des vivres pour trois jours

(b) (indicating a specific occasion or time) pour;

∎ I went home for Christmas je suis rentré chez moi pour Noël;

∎ he took me out to dinner for my birthday il m'a emmené dîner au restaurant pour mon anniversaire;

∎ we made an appointment for the 6th nous avons pris rendez-vous pour le 6;

∎ the meeting was set for five o'clock la réunion était fixée pour cinq heures;

∎ it's time for bed c'est l'heure de se coucher ou d'aller au lit;

∎ there's no time for that il n'y a pas de temps pour ça;

∎ for the last/third time pour la dernière/troisième fois

(c) (indicating distance) pendant;

∎ you could see for miles around on voyait à des kilomètres à la ronde;

∎ we walked for several miles nous avons marché pendant plusieurs kilomètres;

∎ they drove for miles without seeing another car ils ont roulé (pendant) des kilomètres sans croiser une seule voiture;

∎ bends for one mile (sign) virages sur un mil(l)e

(d) (indicating amount)

∎ they paid him £100 for his services ils lui ont donné 100 livres pour ses services;

∎ you can hire a car for twenty pounds a day on peut louer une voiture pour vingt livres par jour;

∎ it's £2 for a ticket c'est 2 livres le billet;

∎ he's selling it for £200 il le vend 200 livres;

∎ I wrote a cheque for £15 j'ai fait un chèque de 15 livres;

∎ three for £5 trois pour 5 livres;

∎ put me down for £5 inscrivez-moi pour 5 livres

C.

(a) (indicating exchange, equivalence)

∎ do you have change for a pound? vous avez la monnaie d'une livre?;

∎ he exchanged the bike for another model il a échangé le vélo contre ou pour un autre modèle;

∎ what will you give me in exchange for this book? que me donnerez-vous en échange de ce livre?;

∎ he gave blow for blow il a rendu coup pour coup;

∎ "salvia" is the Latin term for "sage" "salvia" veut dire "sage" en latin;

∎ what's the Spanish for "good"? comment dit-on "good" en espagnol?;

∎ F for François F comme François;

∎ what's the M for? qu'est-ce que le M veut dire?;

∎ red for danger rouge veut dire danger;

∎ he has cereal for breakfast il prend des céréales au petit déjeuner;

∎ to have sb for a teacher avoir qn comme professeur;

∎ I know it for a fact je sais que c'est vrai;

∎ I for one don't care pour ma part, je m'en fiche;

∎ do you take me for a fool? me prenez-vous pour un imbécile?

(b) (indicating ratio) pour;

∎ there's one woman applicant for every five men sur six postulants il y a une femme et cinq hommes;

∎ for every honest politician there are a hundred dishonest ones pour un homme politique honnête, il y en a cent qui sont malhonnêtes

(c) (on behalf of) pour;

∎ I'm speaking for all parents je parle pour ou au nom de tous les parents;

∎ the lawyer was acting for his client l'avocat agissait au nom de ou pour le compte de son client;

∎ I'll go to the meeting for you j'irai à la réunion à votre place;

∎ the representative for the union le représentant du syndicat

(d) (in favour of) pour;

∎ I'm all for it je suis tout à fait pour;

∎ for or against pour ou contre;

∎ vote for Smith! votez (pour) Smith!;

∎ they voted for the proposal ils ont voté en faveur de la proposition;

∎ he's for the ecologists il est pour les écologistes;

∎ I'm for shortening the hunting season je suis pour une saison de chasse plus courte;

∎ who's for a drink? qui veut boire un verre?;

∎ I'm for bed je vais me coucher;

∎ Law judgement for the plaintiff arrêt m en faveur du demandeur

(e) (because of) pour, en raison de;

∎ candidates were selected for their ability les candidats ont été retenus en raison de leurs compétences;

∎ she couldn't sleep for the pain la douleur l'empêchait de dormir;

∎ he's known for his wit il est connu pour son esprit;

∎ the region is famous for its wine la région est célèbre pour son vin;

∎ she's in prison for treason elle est en prison pour trahison;

∎ he couldn't speak for laughing il ne pouvait pas parler tellement il riait;

∎ you'll feel better for a rest vous vous sentirez mieux quand vous vous serez reposé;

∎ if it weren't for you, I'd leave sans vous, je partirais;

∎ for this reason pour cette raison;

∎ for fear of waking him de crainte de le réveiller;

∎ do it for my sake faites-le pour moi;

∎ for old time's sake en souvenir du passé

(f) (indicating cause, reason) de;

∎ the reason for his leaving la raison de son départ;

∎ there are no grounds for believing it's true il n'y a pas de raison de croire que c'est vrai;

∎ she apologized for being late elle s'est excusée d'être en retard;

∎ I thanked him for his kindness je l'ai remercié de ou pour sa gentillesse

(g) (concerning, as regards) pour;

∎ so much for that voilà qui est classé;

∎ for my part, I refuse to go pour ma part ou quant à moi, je refuse d'y aller;

∎ I'm very happy for her je suis très heureux pour elle;

∎ what are her feelings for him? quels sont ses sentiments pour lui?;

∎ for sheer impudence his remarks are hard to beat pour ce qui est de l'effronterie, ses commentaires sont imbattables

(h) (given normal expectations) pour;

∎ it's warm for March il fait bon pour un mois de mars;

∎ that's a good score for him c'est un bon score pour lui;

∎ she looks very young for her age elle fait très jeune pour son âge

(i) (in phrase with infinitive verbs)

∎ it's not for him to decide il ne lui appartient pas ou ce n'est pas à lui de décider;

∎ it's not for her to tell me what to do ce n'est pas à elle de me dire ce que je dois faire;

∎ it was difficult for her to apologize il lui était difficile de s'excuser;

∎ I have brought it for you to see je l'ai apporté pour que vous le voyiez;

∎ this job is too complicated for us to finish today ce travail est trop compliqué pour que nous le finissions aujourd'hui;

∎ there is still time for her to finish elle a encore le temps de finir;

∎ it took an hour for the taxi to get to the station le taxi a mis une heure pour aller jusqu'à la gare;

∎ for us to arrive on time we'd better leave now si nous voulons être à l'heure, il vaut mieux partir maintenant;

∎ the easiest thing would be for you to lead the way le plus facile serait que vous nous montriez le chemin;

∎ there's no need for you to worry il n'y a pas de raison de vous inquiéter;

∎ it is usual for the mother to accompany her daughter il est d'usage que la mère accompagne sa fille

D.

(idioms)

∎ oh for a holiday! ah, si je pouvais être en vacances!;

∎ oh for some peace and quiet! que ne donnerais-je pour la paix!;

∎ familiar you'll be (in) for it if your mother sees you! ça va être ta fête si ta mère te voit!;

∎ familiar now we're (in) for it! qu'est-ce qu'on va prendre!

∎ there's nothing for it but to pay him il n'y a qu'à ou il ne nous reste qu'à le payer;

∎ that's the postal service for you! ça c'est bien la poste!

2 conjunction

formal car, parce que;

∎ I was surprised when he arrived punctually, for he was usually late je fus surpris de le voir arriver à l'heure, car il était souvent en retard

3 for all

1 preposition

(a) (in spite of) malgré;

∎ for all their efforts malgré tous leurs efforts;

∎ for all his success, he's very insecure malgré sa réussite, il manque vraiment de confiance en soi

(b) (considering)

∎ for all the use he is he might as well go and play pour ce qu'il fait d'utile il peut aussi bien aller jouer;

∎ for all the sense it made pour ce que c'était clair

2 conjunction

∎ for all she may say quoi qu'elle en dise;

∎ for all the good it does pour tout l'effet que ça fait;

∎ it may be true for all I know c'est peut-être vrai, je n'en sais rien

4 for all that

1 adverb

pour autant, malgré tout

2 conjunction esp literary for all that he wanted to believe them pour autant qu'il veuille les croire

5 for ever adverb

(last, continue) pour toujours; (leave) pour toujours, sans retour;

∎ for ever and a day jusqu'à la fin des temps;

∎ for ever and ever à tout jamais, éternellement;

∎ for ever and ever, amen pour les siècles des siècles, amen;

∎ to live for ever vivre éternellement;

∎ Scotland for ever! vive l'Écosse!

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > for
2 suitable

['suːtəbl], ['sjuːtəbl] adjective geeignet; (for an occasion) angemessen [Kleidung]; angebracht [Bemerkung]; (matching, convenient) passend

this girlfriend is not suitable for him — diese Freundin passt nicht zu ihm

Monday is the most suitable day [for me] — Montag passt [mir] am besten

suitable for children — für Kinder geeignet

* * *
['su:təbl]
adjective

( negative unsuitable)

1) (right or appropriate for a purpose or occasion: I haven't any suitable shoes for the wedding; Those shoes are not suitable for walking in the country; Many people applied for the job but not one of them was suitable.) geeignet

2) (convenient: We must find a suitable day for our meeting.) passend

•

- academic.ru/71924/suitability">suitability
- suitableness
- suitably
* * *

suit·able

[ˈsu:təbl̩, AM -t̬-]

adj geeignet, passend; clothes angemessen

what's a \suitable present for a couple celebrating their twenty-fifth wedding anniversary? was eignet sich als Geschenk für ein Paar, das seinen fünfundzwanzigsten Hochzeitstag feiert?

my mother doesn't like me wearing short skirts to church - she doesn't think they're \suitable meine Mutter will nicht, dass ich in die Kirche kurze Röcke anziehe - sie findet sie unschicklich

▪ to be \suitable for sb für jdn geeignet sein, sich akk für jdn eignen

not \suitable for children under 14 nicht geeignet für Kinder unter 14

* * *
['suːtəbl]
adj
(= convenient, practical, right for the purpose) geeignet, passend; (= socially, culturally appropriate to the occasion) angemessen
to be suitable for sb (date, place) — jdm passen; (film, job) für jdn geeignet sein; (hairstyle, clothes) das Richtige für jdn sein

she's not suitable for him — sie passt nicht zu ihm

to be suitable for sth — für etw geeignet sein, sich für etw eignen; (socially) einer Sache (dat) angemessen sein

none of the dishes is suitable for freezing — keines der Rezepte eignet sich zum Einfrieren

the most suitable man for the job —

would 8 o'clock be a suitable time? — würde Ihnen etc 8 Uhr passen?

Tuesday is the most suitable day —

quality machinery suitable to the task — Qualitätsmaschinen, die der Aufgabe gewachsen sind

animals that are suitable as pets — Tiere, die als Haustiere geeignet sind

you're not suitable to be parents —

we couldn't find anything suitable — wir konnten nichts Passendes or Geeignetes finden

to be considered suitable — als geeignet angesehen werden

eminently suitable — überaus passend

to make sth suitable for sth — etw für etw passend machen

* * *

suitable adj (adv suitably)

1. passend, geeignet ( beide:

to, for für, zu):

be suitable passen, sich eignen

2. angemessen, schicklich ( beide:

to, for für):

be suitable sich schicken

3. entsprechend

* * *

['suːtəbl], ['sjuːtəbl] adjective geeignet; (for an occasion) angemessen [Kleidung]; angebracht [Bemerkung]; (matching, convenient) passend

this girlfriend is not suitable for him — diese Freundin passt nicht zu ihm

Monday is the most suitable day [for me] — Montag passt [mir] am besten

suitable for children — für Kinder geeignet

* * *

adj.

geeignet adj.

passend adj.

English-german dictionary > suitable
3 suitable

'su:təbl
adjective

( negative unsuitable)

1) (right or appropriate for a purpose or occasion: I haven't any suitable shoes for the wedding; Those shoes are not suitable for walking in the country; Many people applied for the job but not one of them was suitable.) adecuado, conveniente, apropiado

2) (convenient: We must find a suitable day for our meeting.) adecuado

•

- suitability
- suitableness
- suitably

suitable adj adecuado / apropiado / apto

this film is not suitable for children esta película no es apta para menores

suitable

tr['sʊːtəbəl]

adjective

1 (appropriate) adecuado,-a ( for, para), apropiado,-a ( for, para); (for job, post) adecuado,-a, indicado,-a, idóneo,-a

■ a suitable present for a ten-year-old boy un regalo adecuado para un niño de diez años

■ clothes suitable for hot weather ropa apropiada para el calor

2 (acceptable, proper) apropiado,-a, apto,-a

■ will this skirt be suitable? ¿esta falda será apropiada?

■ the film is suitable for children la película es apta para niños

3 (convenient) conveniente

suitable ['su:t̬əbəl] adj

: apropiado, idóneo

♦ suitably [-bli] adv

suitable

adj.

• adecuado, -a adj.

• aparente adj.

• apañado, -a adj.

• apropiado, -a adj.

• apto, -a adj.

• conveniente adj.

• digno, -a adj.

• idóneo, -a adj.

• indicado, -a adj.

• proporcionado, -a adj.

• satisfactorio, -a adj.

'suːtəbəl, 'suːtəbəl, 'sjuː-
adjective

a) ( appropriate) apropiado, adecuado

(to be) suitable FOR somebody/something/-ING — (ser*) apropiado or adecuado para alguien/algo/+ inf

b) (acceptable, proper) apropiado

the program is not suitable for children — el programa no es apropiado or apto para niños

c) ( convenient) conveniente

is nine o'clock suitable for you? — ¿le viene bien a las nueve?, ¿le resulta conveniente a las nueve?

['suːtǝbl]
ADJ
1) (=satisfactory) adecuado, apropiado

the shortage of suitable housing — la escasez de viviendas adecuadas or apropiadas

his qualifications weren't considered suitable — consideraron que no tenía la formación adecuada or apropiada

2) (=valid, apt) apropiado

both courses are suitable for beginners — ambos cursos son apropiados para principiantes

the products are suitable for all skin types — los productos son apropiados para todo tipo de pieles

the garden is not suitable for wheelchairs — el jardín no está adaptado para sillas de ruedas

dishes that are suitable for freezing — platos preparados que se pueden congelar

suitable for children — apto para niños

eminently suitable — idóneo

to make sth suitable for sth — (=adapt) adaptar algo para algo

3) (=fitting) apropiado

a suitable reply — una respuesta apropiada

a suitable dress for the occasion — un vestido apropiado para la ocasión

the committee met to consider suitable action — el comité se reunió para considerar las medidas oportunas or convenientes or apropiadas

choose a suitable moment to talk — escoja un momento oportuno or apropiado para hablar

4) (=recommendable) adecuado

a more suitable diet — una dieta más adecuada

the most suitable man for the job — el hombre más indicado or adecuado para el puesto

* * *
['suːtəbəl, 'suːtəbəl, 'sjuː-]
adjective

a) ( appropriate) apropiado, adecuado

(to be) suitable FOR somebody/something/-ING — (ser*) apropiado or adecuado para alguien/algo/+ inf

b) (acceptable, proper) apropiado

the program is not suitable for children — el programa no es apropiado or apto para niños

c) ( convenient) conveniente

is nine o'clock suitable for you? — ¿le viene bien a las nueve?, ¿le resulta conveniente a las nueve?

English-spanish dictionary > suitable
4 secar

v.

1 to dry (quitar humedad a).

el sol secó los campos the sun dried out the fields

2 to wipe away.

* * *

secar

Conjugation model [ SACAR], like link=sacar sacar

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to dry

2 (lágrimas, vajilla) to wipe; (tinta) to blot; (líquido) to wipe up, mop up

3 (planta) to wither, dry up; (río, fuente, etc) to dry up

► verbo pronominal secarse

1 (gen) to dry

■ sécate las manos dry your hands

2 (líquido, río, etc) to dry up; (planta) to wither, dry up

3 figurado (enflaquecer) to become thin

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

secarse la frente to mop one's brow

* * *

verb

to dry

* * *

1. VT

1) (=quitar la humedad) [con paño, toalla] to dry; [con fregona] to mop up; [con papel secante] to blot

me sequé las lágrimas — I dried my tears

secar los platos — to dry the plates, dry up

2) (=resecar) [+ planta, terreno] to dry up; [+ piel] to dry out

3) Uru (=fastidiar) to annoy, vex

2.

VI to dry

lo he puesto a secar cerca del radiador — I've left it to dry near the radiator

3.

See:

secarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) <ropa/pelo/platos> to dry; <pintura/arcilla> to dry

le secó las lágrimas con un pañuelo — she dried his tears with a handkerchief

b) <tierra/plantas/hierba> to dry up

el sol seca la piel — the sun makes your skin dry
2.
secar vi to dry
3.
secarse v pron

1)

a) ropa/pintura/pelo to dry

se me secó la garganta — my throat is really dry

se me seca mucho la piel — my skin gets very dry

b) herida to heal (up)

c) tierra/planta/hierba to dry up

d) río/pozo/fuente to dry up

e) arroz/guiso to go dry

2) (refl) persona <manos/pelo> to dry; < lágrimas> to dry, wipe away

se secó el sudor de la frente — he mopped his brow

se secó con la toalla — she dried herself (off) with the towel

* * *

= dry, dab up, dehumidify, dry out, drain off, blot, dry + Nombre + up, parch.

Ex. In the Wei T'o process books are dried in a vacuum chamber and then treated with a neutrilising solution of liquid gas.

Ex. Place a drop of a saturated solution of sugar in water on the paper and dab up the excess liquid with cotton wool.

Ex. Telephone calls were made to the following: dairy (to secure milk carton storage for books); grocery stores (for freezer space for books); fire department (for fans to dehumidify books); and aerospace companies (for vacuum freezing facilities).

Ex. These tapes effect a permanent repair and do not discolour, but ordinary cellulose tapes such as Sellotape are not suitable for this purpose as they dry out, become discoloured and brittle, and cannot be removed without lifting a layer of paper and text.

Ex. When removed from the sink the items were left to drain off for half an hour at room temperature, then packaged in polythene in separate bundles and placed in a domestic refrigerator for 7 weeks.

Ex. If a stencil is carefully removed from the cylinder after use and blotted to remove excess ink, it can be stored and re-used.

Ex. They scraped the sinew, washed it up, dried it up, and then they split it.

Ex. Droughts are becoming a common feature, parching the land at least once every two years.

----

* colgar Algo para que se seque = hang + Nombre + out to dry.

* cortar y secar = cut and dry.

* secar las lágrimas = wipe (away) + tears.

* secarse = dry off, shrivel up, shrivel, run + dry, dry out.

* secarse completamente = dry up.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) <ropa/pelo/platos> to dry; <pintura/arcilla> to dry

le secó las lágrimas con un pañuelo — she dried his tears with a handkerchief

b) <tierra/plantas/hierba> to dry up

el sol seca la piel — the sun makes your skin dry
2.
secar vi to dry
3.
secarse v pron

1)

a) ropa/pintura/pelo to dry

se me secó la garganta — my throat is really dry

se me seca mucho la piel — my skin gets very dry

b) herida to heal (up)

c) tierra/planta/hierba to dry up

d) río/pozo/fuente to dry up

e) arroz/guiso to go dry

2) (refl) persona <manos/pelo> to dry; < lágrimas> to dry, wipe away

se secó el sudor de la frente — he mopped his brow

se secó con la toalla — she dried herself (off) with the towel

* * *

= dry, dab up, dehumidify, dry out, drain off, blot, dry + Nombre + up, parch.

Ex: In the Wei T'o process books are dried in a vacuum chamber and then treated with a neutrilising solution of liquid gas.

Ex: Place a drop of a saturated solution of sugar in water on the paper and dab up the excess liquid with cotton wool.

Ex: Telephone calls were made to the following: dairy (to secure milk carton storage for books); grocery stores (for freezer space for books); fire department (for fans to dehumidify books); and aerospace companies (for vacuum freezing facilities).

Ex: These tapes effect a permanent repair and do not discolour, but ordinary cellulose tapes such as Sellotape are not suitable for this purpose as they dry out, become discoloured and brittle, and cannot be removed without lifting a layer of paper and text.

Ex: When removed from the sink the items were left to drain off for half an hour at room temperature, then packaged in polythene in separate bundles and placed in a domestic refrigerator for 7 weeks.

Ex: If a stencil is carefully removed from the cylinder after use and blotted to remove excess ink, it can be stored and re-used.

Ex: They scraped the sinew, washed it up, dried it up, and then they split it.

Ex: Droughts are becoming a common feature, parching the land at least once every two years.

* colgar Algo para que se seque = hang + Nombre + out to dry.

* cortar y secar = cut and dry.

* secar las lágrimas = wipe (away) + tears.

* secarse = dry off, shrivel up, shrivel, run + dry, dry out.

* secarse completamente = dry up.

* * *

secar [A2 ]

vt

1 ‹ropa/pelo› to dry; ‹platos› to dry; ‹pintura/arcilla› to dry

le secó las lágrimas con un pañuelo she wiped away o dried his tears with a handkerchief

2 ‹tierra› to dry up; ‹plantas/hierba› to dry up

el sol seca la piel the sun makes your skin dry o dries out your skin

■ secar

vi

to dry

yo friego y tú secas I'll wash and you dry

ponlo a secar al sol put it out in the sun to dry

■ secarse

v pron

A

1 to dry

este pegamento se seca enseguida this glue dries o sets straightaway

se me ha secado la garganta my throat's gone really dry

se me seca mucho la piel my skin gets very dry

2 «herida» to heal (up)

3 «tierra» to dry up; «planta/hierba» to dry up

4 «río/pozo/fuente» to dry up

5 «arroz/guiso» to go dry

el pollo se ha secado demasiado the chicken has dried out o gone dry

B ( refl) «persona» ‹manos/pelo› to dry; ‹lágrimas› to dry, wipe away

se secó el sudor de la frente he wiped the sweat off his forehead, he mopped his brow

se secó con la toalla she dried herself (off) with the towel

* * *

secar ( conjugate secar) verbo transitivo
a) ‹ropa/pelo/platos› to dry;

‹pintura/arcilla› to dry
b) ‹tierra/plantas/hierba› to dry up;

‹ piel› to make … dry
verbo intransitivo
to dry
secarse verbo pronominal
1
a) [ropa/pintura/pelo] to dry;

[ piel] to get dry;
◊ se me seca mucho la piel my skin gets very dry

b) [ herida] to heal (up)

c) [tierra/planta/hierba] to dry up

d) [río/pozo/fuente] to dry up

e) [arroz/guiso] to go dry

2 ( refl) [ persona] to dry oneself;
‹manos/pelo› to dry;
‹ lágrimas› to dry, wipe away
secar verbo transitivo to dry: el sol secó la pintura, the sun dried the paint
' secar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
paño
English:
blot
- blow-dry
- dry
- mop
- mop up
- rub down
- shrivel
- towel
- tumble
- wipe
- wipe away
- sear
- season
- weather

* * *

secar

♦ vt

1. [platos, manos, niño] to dry

2. [planta, tierra] to dry up;

el sol secó los campos the sun parched the fields

3. [enjugar] to wipe away;
[con fregona] to mop up
4. Dep [jugador] to mark

5. RP Fam [fastidiar] to get on sb's nerves;

por favor, no me dejes sola con ella porque me seca please don't leave me alone with her, she drives me up the wall

♦ vi

to dry;

déjalo ahí a secar leave it there to dry

♦ See also the pronominal verb secarse

* * *

secar

v/t dry

* * *

secar {72} v

: to dry

♦ See also the reflexive verb secarse

* * *

secar vb to dry [pt. & pp. dried]

Spanish-English dictionary > secar
5 sotto

1. prep under

i bambini sotto cinque anni children under five

5 gradi sotto zero 5 degrees below (zero)

sotto la pioggia in the rain

al di sotto di qualcosa under something

2. adv below

( più in basso) lower down

( al di sotto) underneath

( al piano di sotto) downstairs

* * *

sotto avv.

1 ( in luogo o posizione inferiore) down; below; under; underneath; beneath: sotto vedevamo la pianura, we could see the plain underneath (o below o beneath); la macchina è qui sotto, the car is down here; il volume che cerchi è lì sotto, the book you're looking for is down there; appendi il quadro più sotto, hang the picture lower down; una torta gelata con sotto uno strato di pan di Spagna, an ice-cream cake with a layer of sponge underneath; mettiti il soprabito e sotto un abito leggero, wear a coat with a light dress underneath // andare sotto, ( affondare) to go down (o under) // sotto sotto, deep down; ( di nascosto) on the quiet; ( in fondo in fondo) underneath: l'acqua era filtrata sotto sotto nelle fondamenta, water had seeped deep down into the foundations; cercava sotto sotto di rovinarmi, on the quiet, he was trying to undermine me; sotto sotto è un buon diavolo, he's a good sort underneath // ci dev'essere sotto qualcosa, (fig.) there must be something behind it // farsi sotto, (fig.) to push oneself forward // guardare qlcu. di sotto in su, to look s.o. up and down // sotto ragazzi, al lavoro!, come on boys, get down to work! // sotto a chi tocca!, whose turn is it next?

2 ( al piano di sotto) down (stairs): ti aspetto (di) sotto, I'll wait for you downstairs; la famiglia ( che abita) di sotto è di origine polacca, the family below comes from Poland; sotto c'è il negozio, sopra l'abitazione, the shop is downstairs and the living quarters upstairs

3 ( in seguito, più avanti, in un testo o simili) below: vedi sotto, see below; come da illustrazione qui sotto, as illustrated below; controllare i dati riportati sotto, check the data given below

4 ( in passivo, in perdita) short (of): eravamo sotto di 120.000 euro, we were 120,000 euros short // (banca) essere sotto, to be in the red; (Borsa) queste azioni sono sotto di due punti, these shares are off two points

5 al di sotto → disotto.

* * *
['sotto]
1. prep

1) (posizione) under, beneath, underneath

dov'era? — sotto il giornale — where was it? — under o beneath o underneath the newspaper

la cartina è sotto quel libro — the map is under that book

si riparò sotto un albero — he sheltered under o beneath o underneath a tree

sotto la superficie — under o beneath the surface

si nascose sotto il letto — he hid under o underneath the bed

sotto il soprabito indossava un vestito verde — she was wearing a green dress under her coat

portare qc sotto il braccio — to carry sth under one's arm

vieni sotto l'ombrello — come under the umbrella

dormire sotto la tenda — to sleep under canvas o in a tent

sotto la pioggia — in the rain

camminare sotto la pioggia — to walk in the rain

sotto il sole — in the sun

finire sotto un treno — to get run over by a train

infilarsi sotto le lenzuola — to get in between the sheets

c'incontriamo sotto casa — we'll meet outside my house

sotto le mura — (di città) beneath the walls

2) (più in basso di) below, (a sud di) south of, below

sotto il livello del mare — below sea level

sotto zero — below zero

tutti quelli sotto i 18 anni — all those under 18 (years of age) Brit o under age 18 Am

questo giocattolo non è adatto ai bambini sotto i 3 anni — this toy is not suitable for children under 3

quest'anno le gonne si portano sotto il ginocchio — this year skirts are being worn below the knee

Palermo è sotto Napoli — Palermo is south of o below Naples

sotto il chilo — under o less than a kilo

abita sotto di noi — he lives below us

3) (durante il governo di) under

l'Italia sotto Vittorio Emanuele — Italy under Victor Emmanuel

sotto il regno di — during the reign of

4) (soggetto a) under

ha 5 impiegati sotto di sé — he has 5 clerks under him

sotto l'effetto dell'alcol — under the influence of alcohol

sotto anestesia — under anaesthetic

tenere qn sotto la propria protezione — to keep sb under one's wing

tenere qn/qc sott'occhio — to keep an eye on sb/sth

sotto l'alto patronato di — under the patronage of

5) (tempo: in prossimità di) near

siamo sotto Natale/Pasqua — it's nearly Christmas/Easter

6)

(da) analizzare qc sotto un altro aspetto — to examine sth from another point of view

sotto un certo punto di vista — in a sense

7)

(fraseologia) sotto forma di — in the form of

sotto falso nome — under a false name

non c'è niente di nuovo sotto il sole — there is nothing new under the sun

avere qc sotto il naso/gli occhi — to have sth under one's nose/before one's eyes

2. avv

1) (giù) down, (nella parte inferiore) underneath, beneath

qua/là sotto — down here/there

qui/lì sotto — down here/there

sotto c'è uno strato di cioccolato — there's a layer of chocolate underneath

sotto, la scatola è rossa — underneath, the box is red

sei sotto tu! — (nei giochi) you're it!

2)

(al piano) di sotto — downstairs

ti aspetto (di) sotto — I'll wait for you downstairs

quelli di sotto — the people who live downstairs

3) (oltre) below

vedi sotto — see below

la riga sotto — the line below

4) (addosso) underneath

cos'hai sotto? — what have you got on underneath?

3. sm inv

bottom

il sotto della pentola — the bottom of the pan

* * *
['sotto] 1.
preposizione

1) (in posizione inferiore o sottostante) under, beneath, underneath; (in fondo a) at the bottom of

sotto il o al tavolo under o beneath the table; sotto (a) un lenzuolo under a sheet; mettersi un cuscino sotto la testa to put a cushion under one's head; indossa una camicetta sotto la giacca she is wearing a blouse beneath her jacket; prendi quello sotto la pila take the one at the bottom of the stack; sotto la pioggia in the rain; essere sotto la doccia to be in the shower; buttarsi sotto un treno to throw oneself in front of a train; ti metteranno sotto (in auto) you'll get run over; lo troverai sotto la lettera D you'll find it under the letter D; ce l'hai sotto il naso — fig. it's under your nose

2) (più in basso di, più in giù di) below; (a sud di) south of, below

sotto il o al ginocchio below the knee; l'appartamento sotto il o al mio the apartment below mine; sotto (lo) zero below zero; 10 sotto zero 10 below (freezing) o 10 of frost; sotto il livello del mare below sea level; il suo nome era sotto il mio nella lista his name was below mine on the list; Piacenza è sotto Milano — Piacenza is south of Milan

3) (non oltre) under

bambini sotto i sei anni — children under six

gli assegni sotto i 500 euro — cheques for under 500 euros

4) (in prossimità di) near

sotto le feste natalizie — at Christmastime

sotto gli esami — during examination time

5) (durante un regno, governo ecc.) under, during

6) (per indicare condizione, influsso) under

sotto anestesia — under anaesthetic

sotto antibiotici — on antibiotics

sotto l'effetto dell'alcol — under the influence of alcohol

sotto pressione — under pressure (anche fig.)

sotto processo — on trial

sotto falso nome — under an assumed name

sotto giuramento — under o on oath

nato sotto il segno del Leone — born under (the sign of) Leo

7) (in rapporto a)

sotto questo punto di vista — from this point of view

sotto certi aspetti — in some respects

8) sotto di (a un piano inferiore)

abita sotto di noi — he lives in the flat below us; (alle dipendenze)

avere qcn. sotto di sé — to have sb. under one

le persone sotto di lui nel reparto — the people below him in the department

9) al di sotto di below, beneath, underneath

al di sotto della media — below (the) average, below standard

i bambini al di sotto dei 13 anni — children under 13

temperature al di sotto dei 5°C — temperatures under 5°C

essere al di sotto del limite di velocità — to be inside the speed limit
2.
avverbio

1) (nella parte inferiore, in basso) below, beneath, underneath; (in fondo) at the bottom

due metri sotto — two metres below

va sotto o sopra? — does it go under or over?

indossa una maglietta con niente sotto — she's wearing a T-shirt with nothing beneath o underneath

il prezzo è segnato sotto — the price is marked underneath

da sotto — from below

dammi quello sotto — give me the one at the bottom o underneath

qua sotto, là sotto — under o down here, under o down there

2) (al piano inferiore) downstairs

il rumore viene da sotto — the noise is coming from downstairs

3) (oltre) below

vedi sotto — see below o under

4) di sotto (sotto a un altro) below; (fra due) lower; (più in basso di tutti) bottom; (al piano inferiore) downstairs

andare di sotto — to go downstairs

5) (in svantaggio) down

sotto di due goal — two goals down
3.
aggettivo invariabile (inferiore) below

il piano sotto — the floor below

la riga sotto — the line below
4.
sostantivo maschile invariabile (parte inferiore) bottom (part)

••

sotto sotto — (nell'intimo) deep down, underneath; (di nascosto) on the quiet

sotto a chi tocca! — who's next?

c'è sotto qualcos'altro — there's more to this than meets the eye

farsi sotto — (proporsi) to put o push oneself forward

* * *

sotto

/'sotto/

I preposizione

1 (in posizione inferiore o sottostante) under, beneath, underneath; (in fondo a) at the bottom of; sotto il o al tavolo under o beneath the table; sotto (a) un lenzuolo under a sheet; mettersi un cuscino sotto la testa to put a cushion under one's head; indossa una camicetta sotto la giacca she is wearing a blouse beneath her jacket; prendi quello sotto la pila take the one at the bottom of the stack; sotto la pioggia in the rain; essere sotto la doccia to be in the shower; buttarsi sotto un treno to throw oneself in front of a train; ti metteranno sotto (in auto) you'll get run over; lo troverai sotto la lettera D you'll find it under the letter D; ce l'hai sotto il naso fig. it's under your nose

2 (più in basso di, più in giù di) below; (a sud di) south of, below; sotto il o al ginocchio below the knee; l'appartamento sotto il o al mio the apartment below mine; sotto (lo) zero below zero; 10 sotto zero 10 below (freezing) o 10 of frost; sotto il livello del mare below sea level; il suo nome era sotto il mio nella lista his name was below mine on the list; Piacenza è sotto Milano Piacenza is south of Milan

3 (non oltre) under; bambini sotto i sei anni children under six; gli assegni sotto i 500 euro cheques for under 500 euros

4 (in prossimità di) near; sotto le feste natalizie at Christmastime; sotto gli esami during examination time

5 (durante un regno, governo ecc.) under, during

6 (per indicare condizione, influsso) under; sotto anestesia under anaesthetic; sotto antibiotici on antibiotics; sotto l'effetto dell'alcol under the influence of alcohol; sotto pressione under pressure (anche fig.); sotto processo on trial; sotto falso nome under an assumed name; sotto giuramento under o on oath; nato sotto il segno del Leone born under (the sign of) Leo

7 (in rapporto a) sotto questo punto di vista from this point of view; sotto certi aspetti in some respects

8 sotto di (a un piano inferiore) abita sotto di noi he lives in the flat below us; (alle dipendenze) avere qcn. sotto di sé to have sb. under one; le persone sotto di lui nel reparto the people below him in the department

9 al di sotto di below, beneath, underneath; al di sotto della media below (the) average, below standard; i bambini al di sotto dei 13 anni children under 13; temperature al di sotto dei 5°C temperatures under 5°C; essere al di sotto del limite di velocità to be inside the speed limit

II avverbio

1 (nella parte inferiore, in basso) below, beneath, underneath; (in fondo) at the bottom; due metri sotto two metres below; va sotto o sopra? does it go under or over? indossa una maglietta con niente sotto she's wearing a T-shirt with nothing beneath o underneath; il prezzo è segnato sotto the price is marked underneath; da sotto from below; dammi quello sotto give me the one at the bottom o underneath; qua sotto, là sotto under o down here, under o down there

2 (al piano inferiore) downstairs; il rumore viene da sotto the noise is coming from downstairs

3 (oltre) below; vedi sotto see below o under

4 di sotto (sotto a un altro) below; (fra due) lower; (più in basso di tutti) bottom; (al piano inferiore) downstairs; andare di sotto to go downstairs

5 (in svantaggio) down; sotto di due goal two goals down

III aggettivo invariabile

(inferiore) below; il piano sotto the floor below; la riga sotto the line below

IV m.inv.

(parte inferiore) bottom (part)

IDIOMS

sotto sotto (nell'intimo) deep down, underneath; (di nascosto) on the quiet; sotto a chi tocca! who's next? c'è sotto qualcos'altro there's more to this than meets the eye; farsi sotto (proporsi) to put o push oneself forward.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > sotto
6 Brunel, Isambard Kingdom

SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Land transport, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Ports and shipping, Public utilities, Railways and locomotives

[br]

b. 9 April 1806 Portsea, Hampshire, England

d. 15 September 1859 18 Duke Street, St James's, London, England

[br]

English civil and mechanical engineer.

[br]

The son of Marc Isambard Brunel and Sophia Kingdom, he was educated at a private boarding-school in Hove. At the age of 14 he went to the College of Caen and then to the Lycée Henri-Quatre in Paris, after which he was apprenticed to Louis Breguet. In 1822 he returned from France and started working in his father's office, while spending much of his time at the works of Maudslay, Sons \& Field.

From 1825 to 1828 he worked under his father on the construction of the latter's Thames Tunnel, occupying the position of Engineer-in-Charge, exhibiting great courage and presence of mind in the emergencies which occurred not infrequently. These culminated in January 1828 in the flooding of the tunnel and work was suspended for seven years. For the next five years the young engineer made abortive attempts to find a suitable outlet for his talents, but to little avail. Eventually, in 1831, his design for a suspension bridge over the River Avon at Clifton Gorge was accepted and he was appointed Engineer. (The bridge was eventually finished five years after Brunel's death, as a memorial to him, the delay being due to inadequate financing.) He next planned and supervised improvements to the Bristol docks. In March 1833 he was appointed Engineer of the Bristol Railway, later called the Great Western Railway. He immediately started to survey the route between London and Bristol that was completed by late August that year. On 5 July 1836 he married Mary Horsley and settled into 18 Duke Street, Westminster, London, where he also had his office. Work on the Bristol Railway started in 1836. The foundation stone of the Clifton Suspension Bridge was laid the same year. Whereas George Stephenson had based his standard railway gauge as 4 ft 8½ in (1.44 m), that or a similar gauge being usual for colliery wagonways in the Newcastle area, Brunel adopted the broader gauge of 7 ft (2.13 m). The first stretch of the line, from Paddington to Maidenhead, was opened to traffic on 4 June 1838, and the whole line from London to Bristol was opened in June 1841. The continuation of the line through to Exeter was completed and opened on 1 May 1844. The normal time for the 194-mile (312 km) run from Paddington to Exeter was 5 hours, at an average speed of 38.8 mph (62.4 km/h) including stops. The Great Western line included the Box Tunnel, the longest tunnel to that date at nearly two miles (3.2 km).

Brunel was the engineer of most of the railways in the West Country, in South Wales and much of Southern Ireland. As railway networks developed, the frequent break of gauge became more of a problem and on 9 July 1845 a Royal Commission was appointed to look into it. In spite of comparative tests, run between Paddington-Didcot and Darlington-York, which showed in favour of Brunel's arrangement, the enquiry ruled in favour of the narrow gauge, 274 miles (441 km) of the former having been built against 1,901 miles (3,059 km) of the latter to that date. The Gauge Act of 1846 forbade the building of any further railways in Britain to any gauge other than 4 ft 8 1/2 in (1.44 m).

The existence of long and severe gradients on the South Devon Railway led to Brunel's adoption of the atmospheric railway developed by Samuel Clegg and later by the Samuda brothers. In this a pipe of 9 in. (23 cm) or more in diameter was laid between the rails, along the top of which ran a continuous hinged flap of leather backed with iron. At intervals of about 3 miles (4.8 km) were pumping stations to exhaust the pipe. Much trouble was experienced with the flap valve and its lubrication—freezing of the leather in winter, the lubricant being sucked into the pipe or eaten by rats at other times—and the experiment was abandoned at considerable cost.

Brunel is to be remembered for his two great West Country tubular bridges, the Chepstow and the Tamar Bridge at Saltash, with the latter opened in May 1859, having two main spans of 465 ft (142 m) and a central pier extending 80 ft (24 m) below high water mark and allowing 100 ft (30 m) of headroom above the same. His timber viaducts throughout Devon and Cornwall became a feature of the landscape. The line was extended ultimately to Penzance.

As early as 1835 Brunel had the idea of extending the line westwards across the Atlantic from Bristol to New York by means of a steamship. In 1836 building commenced and the hull left Bristol in July 1837 for fitting out at Wapping. On 31 March 1838 the ship left again for Bristol but the boiler lagging caught fire and Brunel was injured in the subsequent confusion. On 8 April the ship set sail for New York (under steam), its rival, the 703-ton Sirius, having left four days earlier. The 1,340-ton Great Western arrived only a few hours after the Sirius. The hull was of wood, and was copper-sheathed. In 1838 Brunel planned a larger ship, some 3,000 tons, the Great Britain, which was to have an iron hull.

The Great Britain was screwdriven and was launched on 19 July 1843,289 ft (88 m) long by 51 ft (15.5 m) at its widest. The ship's first voyage, from Liverpool to New York, began on 26 August 1845. In 1846 it ran aground in Dundrum Bay, County Down, and was later sold for use on the Australian run, on which it sailed no fewer than thirty-two times in twenty-three years, also serving as a troop-ship in the Crimean War. During this war, Brunel designed a 1,000-bed hospital which was shipped out to Renkioi ready for assembly and complete with shower-baths and vapour-baths with printed instructions on how to use them, beds and bedding and water closets with a supply of toilet paper! Brunel's last, largest and most extravagantly conceived ship was the Great Leviathan, eventually named The Great Eastern, which had a double-skinned iron hull, together with both paddles and screw propeller. Brunel designed the ship to carry sufficient coal for the round trip to Australia without refuelling, thus saving the need for and the cost of bunkering, as there were then few bunkering ports throughout the world. The ship's construction was started by John Scott Russell in his yard at Millwall on the Thames, but the building was completed by Brunel due to Russell's bankruptcy in 1856. The hull of the huge vessel was laid down so as to be launched sideways into the river and then to be floated on the tide. Brunel's plan for hydraulic launching gear had been turned down by the directors on the grounds of cost, an economy that proved false in the event. The sideways launch with over 4,000 tons of hydraulic power together with steam winches and floating tugs on the river took over two months, from 3 November 1857 until 13 January 1858. The ship was 680 ft (207 m) long, 83 ft (25 m) beam and 58 ft (18 m) deep; the screw was 24 ft (7.3 m) in diameter and paddles 60 ft (18.3 m) in diameter. Its displacement was 32,000 tons (32,500 tonnes).

The strain of overwork and the huge responsibilities that lay on Brunel began to tell. He was diagnosed as suffering from Bright's disease, or nephritis, and spent the winter travelling in the Mediterranean and Egypt, returning to England in May 1859. On 5 September he suffered a stroke which left him partially paralysed, and he died ten days later at his Duke Street home.

[br]

Further Reading

L.T.C.Rolt, 1957, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, London: Longmans Green. J.Dugan, 1953, The Great Iron Ship, Hamish Hamilton.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Brunel, Isambard Kingdom
7 Zhang Sixun (Chang Ssu-Hsun)

SUBJECT AREA: Horology

[br]

b. fl. late 10th century

[br]

Chinese astronomer and clockmaker who built the earliest recorded astronomical clock tower with a hydromechanical escapement.

[br]

Most clepsydra clocks, such as that of al-Jarazi, measured time continuously by the constant flow of a liquid and most mechanical clocks measure time discontinuously by means of an escapement. The clepsydra clock devised by Zhang Sixun in 976 and completed in 979 was unusual as it incorporated an escapement. It consisted of a large wheel with buckets around its periphery. A constant stream of water was directed into one of the buckets until it reached a predetermined weight, this released the wheel, allowing it to rotate to a new position where the process was repeated (this mechanism may have been introduced by the Chinese astronomer and mathematician Zhang Heng in the second century). The water was later replaced by mercury to prevent freezing in winter. With suitable gearing the movement of the wheel was used to drive a celestial globe, a carousel for written time announcements and jacks for audible time signals. This clock has not survived and is known only from the work Hsin I Hsiang Fa Yao (New Armillary Sphere and Celestial Globe System Essentials), which was printed in 1172 and is ascribed to Su Song. This work also describes two similar but later astronomical clock towers with water-wheel escape-ments. Several models of the water-wheel escapement have been constructed from the description in this work.

[br]

Further Reading

J.Needham (ed.), 1965, Science and Civilisation in China Vol. IV.2, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 38, 111, 165, 463, 469–71, 490, 524, 527–8, 533, 540.

J.H.Combridge, 1975, "The astronomical clocktowers of Chang Ssu-Hsun and his successors, A.D. 976 to 1126", Antiquarian Horology 9: 288–301.

J.Needham, Wang Ling and J.de Solla Price, 1986, Heavenly Clockwork. The Great Astronomical Clocks of Medieval China (2nd edn with supplement by J.H.Combridge), London (for a broader view of Chinese horology).

J.H.Combridge, 1979, "Clockmaking in China", in The Country Life International Dictionary of Clocks, ed. Alan Smith, London.

DV

Biographical history of technology > Zhang Sixun (Chang Ssu-Hsun)

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china — /chuy neuh/, n. 1. a translucent ceramic material, biscuit fired at a high temperature, its glaze fired at a low temperature. 2. any porcelain ware. 3. plates, cups, saucers, etc., collectively. 4. figurines made of porcelain or ceramic material … Universalium
China — /chuy neuh/, n. 1. People s Republic of, a country in E Asia. 1,221,591,778; 3,691,502 sq. mi. (9,560,990 sq. km). Cap.: Beijing. 2. Republic of. Also called Nationalist China. a republic consisting mainly of the island of Taiwan off the SE coast … Universalium
vegetable farming — Introduction growing of vegetable crops, primarily for use as human food. The term vegetable in its broadest sense refers to any kind of plant life or plant product; in the narrower sense, as used in this article, however, it refers… … Universalium
Solar hot water — is water heated by the use of solar energy. Solar heating systems are generally composed of solar thermal collectors, a fluid system to move the heat from the collector to its point of usage. The system may use electricity for pumping the fluid,… … Wikipedia
metallurgy — metallurgic, metallurgical, adj. metallurgically, adv. metallurgist /met l err jist/ or, esp. Brit., /meuh tal euhr jist/, n. /met l err jee/ or, esp. Brit., /meuh tal euhr jee/, n. 1. the technique or science of working or heating metals so as… … Universalium
cereal processing — Introduction treatment of cereals (cereal) and other plants to prepare their starch for human food, animal feed, or industrial use. Nutrient composition of selected raw cereal grains (per 100 grams)Cereals, or grains, are members of… … Universalium
Glossary of environmental science — This is a glossary of environmental science.Environmental science is the study of interactions among physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment. Environmental science provides an integrated, quantitative, and… … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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not suitable for freezing

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